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      The various 
      causes for underweight, thinness & less body muscles are as follows: 
      
      Causes: These are as follows: - 
      1)     
      Hormone Disorders: Before 
      letting you know the various hormone disorder causing underweight, 
      thinness & less body muscles, I like you to know about the male hormones & 
      what are their role in development of muscles in male body. 
      Males have 
      following male hormones namely testosterone, androstenidione, 
      dehydrotestosterone & dehdroepiandrostenidione in the body. These male 
      hormones are either produced from testis or adrenal glands. The 
      testosterone is produced in testis by leydig cells. The secretion of 
      testosterone is under control of L.H. & F.S.H. & Gonadotropin releasing 
      hormones, Thyroid hormone & growth hormone. Additionally any significant & 
      prolong diseases of other body organs also decreases the formation of 
      various male hormones. After production from testis it circulates in 
      blood. It binds with various tissues of the body as  with body muscles 
      leading to enlargement of body muscle i. e. muscular body typical of men. 
      Thus there are many factors which may either decrease the testosterone 
      production in the body or decrease its effectiveness. To complicate the 
      matter further there are certain condition in which even if every aspects 
      of testosterone is normal, there may be less male hormone receptor. 
       Hyperthyroidism 
 Hypothalamic deficiency 
 Pituitary Deficiency 
       Untreated Endocrinopathies  
       Uncontrolled Dabetes Mellitus 
 Glucorticoid Deficiency (Addison Disease)  
 Hypopituitarism 
 Pheochromocytoma       
 Growth Hormone Deficiency 
 Addisons Disease 
 Hypercalacemia 
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      2) Decreased fat forming tendency of the body: 
      In many patients all the hormone growth factor & every thing else is 
      normal, still they are underweight.  This occurs due to Decreased capacity 
      of their fat & muscle tissue to grow. This occurs due to defective protein 
      & fat formation in the body so that its growing capacity decreases. 
       
      3) Infections 
      4) Malabsorption syndromes 
      5) Various Neoplasms of the body organs 
      6) Metabolic defect in the body so that there 
      is less protein & muscle formation in the body 
      7) Chronic Naturopathic Cachexia 
      8) Chronic Caloric deprivation syndrome  
      9) Anorexia Nervosa 
      10) Bulimia 
      11) Deficiency of various neurotransmitters in 
      the brain as Serotonin etc. 
      12) Disorders of appetite centers in the 
      Hypothalamus of the brain so that patient has decreased appetite or food 
      intake even when all the reports are normal  
      13) Increased Energy Loss 
      14) Obstructive gastrointestinal disease 
      15) Pernicious anemia 
      16) Inflammatory bowel disease 
      
      Investigation & Diagnosis:
      For diagnosis of cause of underweight thinness & less body muscles the 
      various causes for underweight thinness & less body muscles are 
      investigated. We take detail history, physical examinations to pinpoint 
      various causes among the above list. After finding out the possibility of 
      various causes some of the following tests may be required. These tests 
      includes:  
       
      Complete male hormone profile: This 
      profile includes all the male hormone tests which affects body muscular 
      development growth & increase in weight.  
      Thyroid test, 
      Cortisol, 
      ACTH 
      Metabolic   tests are done 
      CBC, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 
      Multiple chemical screen  
      Mammography 
      Serum protein electro-phoresis 
      Parathyroid hormone, human PTH-related peptide, 
      Angiotensin-converting enzyme, and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D  
      Colonoscopy  
      Upper endoscopy  
      Short ACTH test  
      72-h stool for fat  
      Vitamin B 
  
      Other tests which may be required depending on 
      likelihood of the any of above causes. 
      
      Treatment: Treatment of underweight thinness & less body 
      muscles includes  
      
      1)     
      Cure of primary cause of underweight: Once we diagnose 
      the cause for underweight thinness & less body muscles, then simply 
      correcting that particular cause will lead to weight gain & muscular 
      development.  
      
      2)     
      Hormone therapy: When we give below-mentioned male 
      hormones by any of the below-mentioned routes. The concentration of these 
      hormones in blood circulation rises. This leads to binding of more 
      hormones on androgen receptors of muscles & fat cells. After binding with 
      receptors these hormones leads to certain changes in the muscles & fat 
      cells tissue. This leads to multiplication of muscles & fat cells tissue 
      leading to further growth. This continued multiplication of muscles & fat 
      cells tissue leads to further muscles & fat cells growth. This continued 
      multiplication of muscles & fat cells tissue under the effect of above 
      mentioned hormone treatment continues till muscles grows to normal& weight 
      normalizes. Usually in one-year time muscles growth & weight normalizes. 
      Unluckily most doctors have less knowledge about hormone treatment so that 
      they neither investigate the patient nor give hormone or other medical 
      therapy for muscle growth & weight gain.  
      The various preparation of 
      testosterone & route of 
      administration are:   
      A)     Oral preparation that is available in capsule 
      form. It needs to be given one to three capsules daily. These have no side 
      effects.   
      B) Transdermal Testosterone given as testosterone gel 
      preparations. It need to be applied any part of skin once a day. It is 
      very effective & has no side effects.  
      C) Transdermal Testosterone scrotal patch are also 
      available which are very effective even if used in small doses.It is very 
      effective & has no side effects.  
      D)  Sublingual Testosterone cyclodextrin is now 
      available which is very fast acting & very effective is fast & better 
      weight gain & muscle development. It is used as one tablet daily to be 
      kept under the tongue for few minutes. It has no side effect and it is 
      very effective.   
      E)  Injection Testosterone esters these includes 
      Testosterone enanthate & testosterone cypionate given intramuscular 
      injections every 10 to 14 days. It leads to fast weight gain & muscle 
      development.  
      F)  Long acting testosterone as testosterone bucilate 
      given once in 4 months.  It leads to fast weight gain & muscle development 
      with least inconvenience to the patients.   
      G)  Testosterones implants are now available which once injected remain 
      effective for up to six months.  
      
      3)     
      Fat & protein formation increasing drugs: There are many 
      drugs when taken the fat & protein 
      formation in the body increases without any side effects 
       
      4) Anabolic steroid drugs are those 
      drugs, which are derived from male hormone & used for improving body 
      muscles & weight. If they are given under supervision of hormone 
      specialist they are safe.  
       
      5) Macronutrient Therapy: 
      Supplementation of high biological value & high bio-available protein & 
      other macronutrients which are essential for weight & muscle increase.  
       
      6) Micronutrient Therapy: 
      Supplementation of many micronutrients as zinc, Iron, selenium & other 
      micronutrients which are essential for weight & muscle increase. 
        
      7) Essential Vitamin Therapy: 
      Supplementation of many vitamins as vitamin-d, cynocobalamine & other 
      essential vitamins which are essential for weight & muscle increase. 
       
      8) Growth Hormone therapy: Growth 
      hormone treatment is given in many with good muscle & stamina increase 
      
      9) IGF-1 therapy is given in many with 
      good muscle & stamina increase 
      
      10) Growth hormone stimulating Tablets 
      treatment is given in many with good muscle & stamina increase 
      
      Side Effects: Above treatments has no 
      side effect if given in proper disease and in patient’s when it is really 
      indicated. This it is absolutely safe.  
      
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          These 
      are the various hospitals in Delhi & NCR are: Moolchand Health Care, St. 
      Stephen’s Hospital, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, G.B Pant Hospital, Lok 
      Nayak Hospital, RG Stone Urological Reasarch Institue, Sir Ganga Ram 
      Hospital, Jeevan Hospital, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Hospital, Orthonova 
      Hospital, Batra Hospital, Sahi Hospital, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, 
      Holy Faimly Hospital, Jeevan Mala Hospital, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Lady 
      Harding Hospital, Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital, Mata Chanan Devi 
      Hospital, Safdarjung Hospital, Mohindra Hospital, M.P Heart centre 
      Hospital, Bara Hospital, Hindu Rao Hospital, Holy Angels Hospital, Shankar 
      Hospital, Holy Family Hospital, Chopra Hospital, Escorts Hospital St. 
      Stephen's Hospital, Vardaan Hospital, Visitech Eye Hospital, Vardhman 
      Mahavir Medical College, Safdarjung Hospital, Lok Nayak Jai Prakash (LNJP) 
      Hospital, Private Hospital, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Kalra Hospital, 
      Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bowring Hospital, B W Lions Eye Hospital, 
      Bangalore Hospital, Bangalore Children's Hospital, Genesis Hospital, 
      Lakeside Hospital, M G A Hospital, Mallya Hospital, Manipal Hospital, 
      Sindhi Charitable Hospital, Yellamma Dasappa Hospital, Sir Harkisandas 
      Narottamdas Hospital, Prince Alikhan Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Breach 
      Candy Hospital, Jaslok Hospital, Habib Ismail Hosptal, Kalajyot Hospital, 
      Motiben Dalvi Hospital, Bombay Hospital, Corwest Jain Clinic Group of 
      Hospitals, D.S. Kothari Hospital, Lotus Hospital, Elizabeth Hospital, 
      Bhatia Hospital, The Bomanji Dinshaw Petit Parsee Hospital, Cumbala Hill 
      Hospital, Noor Hospital, K.B. Haji Bachoali Charitable Ophthalmic & ENT 
      Hospital, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hspital, Nawroji Wadia Maternity Hospital, 
      Wadia Hospital, Yerla Medical Trust Hospital, Tarachand Bappa Hospital, 
      Dhanwantari Hospital, Shri Samasta Parajiya Suvarna Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. 
      General Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Holi Spirit Hospital, 
      Lilavati Hospital, The Bandra Holy Family Hospital, Raheja Hospital, 
      Gurunanak Memorial Hospital, Ramakrishna Mission Hospital, Radhibai 
      Watumull Global Hospital, BSES Hospital, Sushrut Hospital, LH Hiranandani 
      Hospital, Maganlal Popatlal & Sarvoday Hospital, Rajawadi Municipal 
      General Hospital, Shatabdi Hospital, KBB Hospital, V.N. Hospital, Dr.K.B. 
      Babha Hospital, Cooper Hospital, Bhagwati Hospital, Sion Hospital, K.E.M. 
      Hospital Nayar Hospital, Kama Hospital, G.T. Hospital, J.J. Hospital, 
      Sr.George Hospital, Aliganj Hospital, Blue Cross Hospital, Getwell 
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      Health Centre, Vivekanand Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, Dufferin 
      Hospital, Civil Hospital, Communicable/Infectious Diseases Hospital 
      Lifeline Hospital and Heart Centre, Lucknow Hospital, Shalimar Hospital, 
      Rajendranagar Hospital Tuberculosis Hospital, Lucknow Rajpoot Hospital, 
      Nishat Hospital, Z A Chartable Hospital, Indira Gandhi Eye Hospital, 
      Sitapur Eye Hospital, Awadh Hospital and Heart Centre, Balrampur Hospital, 
      Cantonment General Hospital, Civil Hospital, Dr.Shyama Prasad Mukherjie 
      Hospital, Fatima Hospital, G.M.Associate Hospital, K.K.Hospital, 
      Veerangana Jhalkari Bai Female Hospital, Shekhar Hospital, Queen Mary 
      Hospital, Osmania General Hospital, Gandhi Hospital, Government Maternity 
      Hospital, Nilofar Hospital, Cancer Hospital, T.B. Hospital, Hospital for 
      Mental Diseases, Sarojini Devi Hospital, Sundram Medical Foundation, 
      Chennai. MIOT Hospital, Chennai. Apollo Hospital, Madras. Malar Hospital 
      Limited, Gandhi Nagar Adyar, Chenni. Calcutta Medical College Hospital. 
      N.R.S. Medical College & Hospital, Calcutta. R.G. Kar Medical College & 
      Hospital, Calcutta. Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Instt. 
      of Postgraduate Med. Education & Research, Calcutta Seth S.K.M. Hospital, 
      Calcutta. Sambhu Nath Pandit Hospital, Calcutta. Lady Dufferinvictoria 
      Hospital, Calcutta. Howrah General Hospital, Howrah, Hoogly Sadar 
      Hospital, Hoogly, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan & Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital, 
      Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan General Hospital, Calcutta.Sir 
      Harkisandas Narottamdas Hospital, Prince Alikhan Hospital, Saifee 
      Hospital, Breach Candy Hospital, Jaslok Hospital, Habib Ismail Hosptal, 
      Kalajyot Hospital, Motiben Dalvi Hospital, Bombay Hospital, Corwest Jain 
      Clinic Group of Hospitals, D.S. Kothari Hospital, Lotus Hospital, 
      Elizabeth Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, The Bomanji Dinshaw Petit Parsee 
      Hospital, Cumbala Hill Hospital, Noor Hospital, K.B. Haji Bachoali 
      Charitable Ophthalmic & ENT Hospital, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hspital, Nawroji 
      Wadia Maternity Hospital, Wadia Hospital, Yerla Medical Trust Hospital, 
      Tarachand Bappa Hospital, Dhanwantari Hospital, Shri Samasta Parajiya 
      Suvarna Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General Hospital, Smt.B.C.J. General 
      Hospital, Holi Spirit Hospital, Lilavati Hospital, The Bandra Holy Family 
      Hospital, Raheja Hospital, Gurunanak Memorial Hospital, Ramakrishna 
      Mission Hospital, Radhibai Watumull Global Hospital, BSES Hospital, 
      Sushrut Hospital, LH Hiranandani Hospital, Maganlal Popatlal & Sarvoday 
      Hospital, Rajawadi Municipal General Hospital, Shatabdi Hospital, KBB 
      Hospital, V.N. Hospital, Dr.K.B. Babha Hospital, Cooper Hospital, Bhagwati 
      Hospital, Sion Hospital, K.E.M. Hospital Nayar Hospital, Kama Hospital, 
      G.T. Hospital, J.J. Hospital, Sr.George Hospital.  |