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What
is PCOD:
Before discussing other detail about PCOD, I'll like to let you know about what is the normal physiology of menstruation. In normal female there are lacs of immature egg (ovarian) follicle lying in dormant state in the ovary. During the normal menstrual cycle on third day of cycle approximately 30 egg follicles starts maturing finally one of them
will mature to full stage to form mature egg. When all the hormones are normal then one out of all maturing egg follicle is selected for further maturation & rest all shrink & atrophy. Finally this selected eg follicle passes through various stages of development & finally matures into a completely developed egg called ovum. Then egg is released out of the ovary (i.e. ovulation). Once the ovum is released ovary starts secreting progesterone for next 10 days. This progesterone hormone leads to strengthening of walls of blood vessel of endometrium. After 10 days of egg release i.e. ovulation, the production of progesterone hormone from ovary ceases. Thus the sudden deficiency of progesterone hormone leads to weakening of the linings of endometrial blood vessels which ultimately shrink & stop supplying blood to endometrium i.e. inner uterine lining. Thus in nut shell the production of estrogen from ovary lads to formation of inner lining of the uterus during menstrual cycle, where as production of progesterone from ovary after the ovulation leads to maintenance of this uterine lining. The menstrual bleeding occurs due to shedding of uterine inner lining i.e. endometrium due to disruption of its blood supply because of sudden deficiency of progesterone because of stoppage of its production from ovary. Thus if no ovulation occurs, there will not be any cyclical exposure of progesterone resulting in absence of regular menstrual bleeding.
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